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wheat, barley, grapes, figs, pomegranates, olives, and dates (or date honey). Exploring What Fruits and Plants Grow in Egypt 2.1. Dates Dates are one of Egypt’s most iconic fruits and have been cultivated in the region for thousands of years. The country is one of the world’s largest producers of dates, with vast palm groves spread across desert oases and near the Nile. The hot, dry climate of Egypt is perfect for date palm cultivation, and several varieties of dates are grown, including the soft, sweet Medjool and semi-dry Zaghloul dates. Dates are consumed in Egypt both fresh and dried and are often used in traditional desserts, particularly during Ramadan when they are eaten to break the fast. 2.2. Figs Figs thrive in Egypt’s warm climate, particularly in the northern coastal areas near the Mediterranean. The fruit is highly valued for its sweet, succulent flavor and is an essential part of the local cuisine. Figs are grown primarily in small farms and are often enjoyed fresh, dried, or made into jams. Egyptian figs are prized for their quality and are exported to countries across Europe and the Middle East. The Smyrna fig, one of the most common varieties, is especially popular in both local markets and abroad. 2.3. Citrus Fruits Citrus fruits are a major agricultural product in Egypt, with oranges, lemons, and grapefruits being the most common varieties grown. The warm Mediterranean climate and fertile soil provide ideal conditions for citrus orchards, particularly in the Nile Delta and along the northern coast. Egypt is one of the world’s leading exporters of oranges, particularly the Navel and Valencia varieties. Citrus fruits are not only consumed domestically but also exported to Europe, Africa, and the Middle East. 2.4. Pomegranates Pomegranates are another fruit that has been cultivated in Egypt for centuries. They grow well in the country’s hot, dry climate and are typically harvested from September to November. The deep red, juicy seeds of the pomegranate are a common ingredient in Egyptian dishes, from salads to desserts. In addition to their culinary uses, pomegranates are valued for their medicinal properties and are rich in antioxidants. Egyptian pomegranates are exported to markets in Europe and the Gulf region, where they are in high demand. 2.5. Grapes Grapes have been grown in Egypt since ancient times, and they continue to be an important fruit crop. Vineyards are primarily located in the northern parts of the country, where the Mediterranean climate supports grape cultivation. Both table grapes and wine grapes are grown in Egypt, with the latter being used in the production of local wines. Egyptian grapes are known for their sweetness and are enjoyed fresh, dried as raisins, or used in juice production. The country exports significant quantities of grapes to Europe and the Middle East. 2.6. Mangoes Mangoes are a tropical fruit that has become increasingly popular in Egypt over the past century. They thrive in the country’s warm southern regions, particularly around the city of Aswan. Egyptian mangoes are celebrated for their unique flavor, and several varieties are grown,